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From: "Errol Smith & Colleen Loo" <ERROL.COLLEEN@bigpond.com>
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Subject: tc-list George Howard's Shem Tob Matthew new article in J.St.N.T,
Date: Sat, 1 Aug 1998 15:06:49 +1000
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To all those who have read Petersen's recent article on T.C. responding to George Howard's proposal concerning Shem Tob's
text of Matthew in Hebrew, Howard has recently published another journal article:

"Shem-Tob's Hebrew Matthew and early Jewish Christianity", 
Journal for the Study of the New Testament, Vol.70, (1998), p.3-20.
 
The abstract (p.20) reads :
"The author attempts to pinpoint the date of the Shem -Tob type Matthean text by locating its theology within the history of
Jewish Christianity. After delineating four theological motifs in Shem-Tob's Hebrew Matthew: (1) Exaltation of John the
Baptist, (2) Continued relevance of the baptism of John, (3) Delayed inclusion of the Gentiles, (4) Delayed recognition of
Jesus as Messiah,   a comparison is made with the theologies of several Jewish groups mentioned in the New Testament and
later Christian literature. Although the distinctive motifs in the Hebrew Matthew are generally represented within Jewish
Christianity, no single group is a good candidate for publishing this text. A general date within the first four centuries,
is therefore, suggested for the Shem-Tob text."    

Howard does not interact directly with the more recent work of Petersen, doubteless becasue of the delay of internet vs
traditional publishing. 

Also of interest to those working in this general field may be another fairly recent article by Simon C. Mimouni, "Les
Nazoreens recherches etymologique et historique", Revue Biblique, Vol.105.2, (1998), p.208-262.

Those who are very fluent in French may wish to do those of us who are not so proficient a service by translating it into
English. I am sure such a substantial article would be publishable in many English speaking theological journals, or even on
the "net" (with the Mimouni's and Revue Biblique's permission of course). Any takers?
Yours sincerely, Errol Smith.     


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug  3 18:33:53 1998
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K. C. Hanson has set up a "Catalogue of New Testament Papyri & Codices 2nd - 
10th Centuries".  It looks good and has links to other resources.  It can be 
found at:

http://www.stolaf.edu/people/kchanson/papyri.html

Mark Goodacre
-------------------------------------------
Dr Mark Goodacre     mailto:M.S.Goodacre@bham.ac.uk
 Dept. of Theology              Tel: +44 (0)121 414 7512
 University of Birmingham     Fax: +44 (0)121 414 6866
 Birmingham  B15 2TT
 United Kingdom

Homepage: http://www.bham.ac.uk/theology/goodacre
World Without Q: http://www.bham.ac.uk/theology/q
 



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug  3 19:22:04 1998
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Subject: Re: tc-list Hanson's Catalogue of NT Papyri & Codices
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On Mon, 3 Aug 1998, "Mark Goodacre" <M.S.Goodacre@bham.ac.uk> wrote:

>K. C. Hanson has set up a "Catalogue of New Testament Papyri & Codices 2nd - 
>10th Centuries".  It looks good and has links to other resources.  It can be 
>found at:

People should be warned, though, that it takes *forever* to load. You
can tell the site owner is an academic with unlimited connect time. It
really should have been broken up into smaller units. Also, the "Aleph"
symbol is wrong (that one is an HTML glitch, and may not occur on
your particular machine) -- if you see an "is not a subset" symbol,
that's supposed to be an Aleph.

The part that bugged me the most, though, was the way the papyri were
classified. I would regard this as completely untrustworthy (P47
agrees with A and C more than Aleph?).

This is not to say that it is not a nice site. It *is* a good
catalog, and being on the web, it can be kept more current
than the KListe or the NA editions. I also like the other ancient
documents it provides access to.

But take those textual classifications with a grain of salt.
Or six....

-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
Try my web page: http://www.skypoint.com/~waltzmn
(A site inspired by the Encyclopedia of NT Textual Criticism)



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug  4 12:19:28 1998
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Date: Tue, 4 Aug 1998 12:22:54 -0400 (EDT)
From: Yuri Kuchinsky <yuku@globalserve.net>
To: "Mr A.J.A. LABOUCHERE" <AJALabouchere@compuserve.com>
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On Fri, 31 Jul 1998, Mr A.J.A. LABOUCHERE wrote:

> As I recall, the statement that only Smith saw the letter is
> incorrect:  the librarian and the Abbot (or other appropriate
> designation) also saw it.
>
> I will check further on this, and post any other details I come
> across.  But the oft-heard statement that "only Smith saw it" seems
> wrong, even on the face of it.

Yes, I agree with this.

This subject was discussed in some detail not so long ago on Crosstalk-L.

It is to be regretted that unfounded rumours have been circulating in the
last few years that tended to question Smith's integrity. Some suggestions
were even made that he may have had some role in forging SecMk. I would
like to offer to esteemed scholars my take on why such rumours seem
entirely groundless. 

This article was posted previously to Crosstalk-L. Apologies for the
length. I would be grateful for any and all criticisms.

Best wishes,

Yuri.

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Mon, 13 Apr 1998 13:47:33 -0400
From: y.kuchinsky@utoronto.ca
To: crosstalk <crosstalk@info.harpercollins.com>
Subject: SecMk is authentic


Why it is impossible that Morton Smith could have forged Clement's letter
& the SecMk fragment.

---


Now I have revisited this old controversy. In the course of my recent
research re: the compositional history of the Gospel of Mark, I have
reread Morton Smith's two books on the subject, after many years. I was
interested primarily by what SecMk can tell us about the history of early
Christianity. 

I certainly don't agree with Smith in everything he says. In fact, I see
quite a few areas where Smith seems rather off base in his interpretations
of early Christian history. In particular, I'm much more sceptical than he
in attributing the events SecMk narrates directly to the events in life of
the Historical Jesus. SecMk seems to me more like a later gnostic-oriented
expansion, while still produced within the Markan community. Nevertheless,
Smith had done a huge amount of background research in this area, and his
book reveals many unexpected surprises on my later rereading.

Speculation has been rife in recent years that Smith was the forger of
this intriguing document, or else was in charge of a criminal conspiracy
to produce this forgery. Such speculation has been broadcast of late
especially by the famous scholar Prof. Jack Neusner, the former student of
Smith turned his enemy (this happened for reasons entirely unconnected
with the ms). Neusner is of course a very influential man in the biblical
field, and his views cannot be disregarded. Some other scholars also
tended to lend support to such accusations. 

It is my purpose to show in this article that these accusations are
entirely without merit, and that, if anything, they may only raise doubts
about the professional competence of those making them.

It needs to be noted, of course, that there are many responsible scholars
who are sceptical about this SecMk fragment, and who suspect it is a
forgery. But generally these sceptics consider that this was an old
forgery of some sort. Some maintain it is a forgery produced in the 18th
century; others say it was produced any time in between the 2nd and the
18th centuries. 

Prima facie, that this is an old forgery is not impossible, of course. And
academic discussions of such scenarios have been going on for great many
years, ever since the discovery of the fragment was announced by Smith,
first privately to some scholars in 1958, and then publicly in 1960. This
is a very complex debate, and I will not be able to deal with it now. The
purpose of this article is merely to defend Smith from what I see as
entirely unjustified accusations of wrongdoing. He was an honest scholar
who happened to come across a mysterious manuscript, and who devoted many
years of his life to trying to understand its meaning. He did not deserve
these sordid accusations.

While, as I show further, it would have been impossible for Smith to have
accomplished such a forgery, the same arguments should apply to a lesser
extent to other theories of forgery not involving Smith. Myself, I have
looked at length into these debates and into various versions offered by
different scholars, and my view is that the balance of the evidence points
to Clement's letter fragment as being genuine, i.e. authored by Clement
himself. I think the whole ms is exactly what it claims to be, i.e it is a
letter of Clement containing what Clement thinks is part of a secret
version of Mk's gospel, as used in the Church of Alexandria. (By the way,
it also seems likely to me that Clement's version of the textual
development of Mk as given in the letter is not entirely accurate, for
whatever reasons.)


MANUSCRIPT ITSELF

It seems like most serious opponents of SecMk in the last few years have
been focusing their criticism on the fact that the manuscript has been
seen by so few. There was some mystery about this manuscript. Where is it?
How come basic tests on paper, ink, or other such tests have not been
conducted? The piece of information Mahlon Smith have supplied recently on
Crosstalk list about the manuscript having been seen recently after all by
a credible witness is very important in this respect, to help put some of
these doubts to rest.

I've suggested before that perhaps the main reason the manuscript has been
seen by so few was that so few were really so interested in seeing it.  
Certainly it is a lot easier to spread groundless rumours behind people's
backs than to go out and actually do such field research, which, needless
to say, may involve such complications as having to pack your suitcase and
do a bit of travel for a change... It is to the credit of Charles Hedrick
that he did go out and take his time to look up the ms, instead of just
talking endlessly about how few have seen it, and what all this may
signify...


THREE FORGERIES IN ONE

Now, to begin my case for authenticity, I would like to stress that we are
actually talking about _three_ separate hypothetical forgeries here. Let's
keep this in mind. In other words, in order for Smith to have accomplished
such a highly complex forgery, he would have had to have done the
following.

He would have needed to forge not one but two documents:

1. The letter of Clement itself.
2. The two SecMk gospel fragments.

And also, the third item that he would have needed to have pulled off.

3. To have found a scribe, really a genius of a scribe, who would have
been able to forge some very unique and specialized 18th century Greek
scribal handwriting, and to forge it flawlessly, with all its highly
unique abbreviations and complexities. Nobody in their right mind would
try to suggest that Smith was an expert scribe himself. Not quite. He
would have certainly needed an accomplice for this.

Since these two texts, the letter itself, and the gospel fragments as
given by Clement, are composed in completely different styles, and using
very different vocabularies, in order to forge them Smith would have had
to be an expert on both Clement and Mk. He was neither, certainly not
before 1958.

So, now, let's consider these 3 items in order.

1. The excerpt from the letter of Clement, itself, is much longer than the
gospel fragments, and it would have been a lot harder to forge credibly.
As Thomas Talley, one serious investigator of this problem, indicated, at
this time only a small handful of scholars still dispute that the letter
represents an authentic tradition from Clement of Alexandria. Every word
and sentence of the Clementine portion of this ms has been put under the
microscope and compared in minutest detail to the extant undisputed
Clementine texts, of which we have quite a lot. And every comparison has
basically held up. These detailed studies are many and freely available
for perusal by interested parties.

Out of the fourteen leading Clementine scholars Smith consulted
originally, only two had some reservations, and Smith had dealt with their
quite minor technical objections in detail, and showed them insufficient
to cause doubt as to authenticity.

It is important for our case that the letter has been included in the
standard edition of the Alexandrian father's writings since 1980. [Talley,
Thomas. "Liturgical Time in the Ancient Church: The State of Research."
Studia Liturgica 14 (1982), p. 45] And this should speak better than
anything else about where the consensus of the Clementine scholars is now
in regard to this matter.

This first item alone should make it appear highly unlikely that Smith
could have pulled it off, i.e. could have fooled the whole world of
scholarship to such an extent.

2. Now, the SecMk fragment, in itself, presents us with a very special set
of highly complicated problems of its own. On purely linguistic basis,
scholars have been arguing whether or not the fragment could have been put
together merely from scraps of the canonical material. (Since almost every
serious opponent of SecMk thinks this would have been an ancient forgery,
the debate has been conducted primarily in this context.) The balance of
evidence seems to point to the fragment being based on an original
tradition, separate from and prior to the canonical traditions. But a
definitive judgement here on purely stylistic grounds is quite a tough
call, since the fragment is rather short. In any case, Smith not being
known as a Mk scholar prior to his discovery, very few indeed suggested
that he, himself, could have created the fragment ex nihilo.

Now, the next and a separate question about this SecMk fragment should be,
Supposing it's genuine, how does it fit together with the canonical
gospels? I.e. what about the contents of this fragment, rather than just
the style of writing? Because, it is important to note, the parallels must
be considered not only with the rest of Mk, but also with Jn, since the
SecMk fragment narrates the raising of a young man that is very close to
the raising of Lazarus in the Fourth Gospel. 

And not only that, there's yet another complicated matter to consider
here. Smith has also suggested in his two books that there are also other
and more significant structural parallels between Mk and Jn, the parallels
going far beyond the fragment.

According to Smith, his thinking in this area was stimulated by the
research associated with the fragment. Once he saw the parallels between
the SecMk fragment and Jn, he also began to see much greater parallels
between large parts of Mk (beginning at 6:32; cf. p. 56 in SECRET GOSPEL)
and large parts of Jn (beginning at 6:1). He bases his theories in this
area in part on the work of some scholars who were working early in this
century, and who suggested compatible theories re: the redactional history
of Jn, and Jn's possible use of Mk -- among them Bultmann, N. Huffmann,
and especially Charles Dodd. (CLEMENT, p. 146ff.)

It is not possible to deal here now with all these complex relationships.
Their full consideration should involve,

-	the proto Mk theories of Helmut Koester, and of Alfred Loisy,
-  	other controversial wider theories about how Jn, Lk, and Mt relate 
to Mk (was Jn really influenced by Mk's structure?),
-	Smith's own views on the matter that were clearly evolving and
changing over time, as his published work indicates, 
-	the question of how many other commentators, such as Crossan,
evaluated this evidence,
-	possible Aramaic proto-sources (Smith favoured this idea, but
received little support from other scholars on this), 
-	and much more besides. 

All that needs to be said at this point is that for Smith to have managed
to accomplish this second forgery, and to accomplish it in such a way that
scholars are still debating the matter hotly after 40 years, would be
nothing short of miraculous. And, generally, I don't believe in such
unlikely miracles. 


EPIGRAPHY LEAVES LITTLE ROOM FOR DOUBT

3. And, finally, the handwriting. As Smith details in his book, the near
consensus of all the top palaeographic experts he consulted both in Greece
and the US was that the manuscript dates to the 18th century (on pp. 22-23
of his SECRET GOSPEL, Smith gives the long list of the names of these
experts). 

Certainly the opinion of these competent scholars should not be taken
lightly. We are talking here about some highly specialized criteria that
they take into consideration, such as the use of special scribal
ligatures, of subscripts, of very complex abbreviations, both medial and
terminal, the use of the coronis, and other such matters comprehensible
for the most part only to experts. 

And also Smith reports in his CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA that a rare manuscript
was found that is remarkably close in appearance to our ms. Smith writes
that a Greek scholar, Professor Scouvaras, has discovered

"...an eighteenth-century ecclesiastical document in a native Greek hand
strikingly similar to that of our manuscript. [It is reproduced on Plate
IV in Smith's book] ... [It is] an autograph codex of the Oecumenical
Patriarch Callinicus III and was written about 1760 in the Phanariot hand
which had been formed in Constantinople shortly before that time." (p. 2)

So here we are, ladies and gentlemen of the jury. Three forgeries in one,
Smith's critics would like to charge him with. Two unique ancient texts,
so different in style and content, _plus_ finding an epigraphic genius
forger to put them down on paper. Does this stray far beyond the realm of
reality? I sure think so. 


AN IMPOSSIBLE SCENARIO

And now let's look at what Smith would have had to do to put it all
together. To remind, his discovery was made when he was doing the job of
cataloguing odd mss in the rather neglected library of the great Greek
Orthodox desert monastery of Mar Saba, near Jerusalem. Presumably, the
critics charge, Smith would have planted the book with the text already
written into it while he was doing that job. This means that he would have
had to have spent years of his life previously to that getting himself
totally immersed into Clement and Mk, becoming a "secret world-class
expert" in these two highly complex areas.

And when he finally accomplished that task, and composed the two texts,
next he would have had to find the "Genius Scribe", his presumed
accomplice. (Or did he find this accomplice even before he embarked on his
nefarious course?) So they pulled it off, and produced the flawless
forgery. Then he goes to Mar Saba and plants the mss. From then on, the
story unfolds as previously known.

An obvious question needs to be asked here. Is there any evidence that
Smith knew far in advance that he would be doing this two-week job at Mar
Saba in 1958? Actually, according to his CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA, p. ix,
Smith was given permission by Benedict, Patriarch of Jerusalem, to
catalogue the library when he was already in Jerusalem in 1958. 

In my opinion, it is this premeditation part of this supposed plot to
forge these documents that makes it really quite fantastic. He had this
idea, "I will produce this forgery and will plant this book in this
library." And then he devotes years of his life to this, working in the
highest secrecy... Does this sound like a light-hearted prank that some
suggested as his motivation?

And it also needs to be noted here that if Smith managed to "plant" this
particular manuscript in any other library other than Mar Saba, the case
for authenticiy would have been rather weaker. This is because there's a
recorded tradition that a collection of Clement's letters _has been
attested_ in Mar Saba during the Middle Ages. So such a discovery in Mar
Saba was not totally unpredictable, after all...

Smith devoted many well-documented years of his life on an academic study
of the ms he discovered. Some commentators have actually suggested
half-jokingly that the amount of effort he put into all this was almost
inexplicable. After reading his two books, it indeed seems like Smith was
genuinely obsessed with his discovery.

So Neusner and Co. would presumably claim that Smith did all this
background research _before_ he "discovered" the ms? And then he
"pretended" to do all this work later? But he repeatedly consulted dozens
of noted scholars later and not before! Many of these scholars are still
around to tell their side of the story...

To summarize. To accomplish _the three_ such highly complex forgeries, and
not to have been caught, would have been beyond the power of one man. To
have even _attempted_ such a hopeless task, a task both so hopeless and so
time-consuming, would have been quite silly, and Smith was generally not
thought of as silly. 

And finally, when Smith's discovery is looked at dispassionately, there's
really not much there on the surface. What kind of an earth-shaking
reaction did he accomplish? Not much really beyond some obscure disputes
among professional text crunchers. It's not like the ms just comes out and
says, "Jesus was a homosexual, and the whole of Christian religion is a
hoax"... Not at all. All it really says is that the Carpocratian heretics
were perverts and twisted the Scriptures. But this was already well known
before. So, in other words, the pay-off from such a monumental forgery
would have been not all that much in any case.

To conclude, the mss is genuine.

And for any who still have doubts, by all means, lobby for the tests on
the ink of the mss. Such tests should surely remove all doubt as to the
authenticity of this, on the whole, certainly very intriguing, and
probably highly revealing document.

Regards,

Yuri. 
                                                         
Yuri Kuchinsky || Toronto
                                
http://www.trends.net/~yuku/bbl/bbl.htm                  
                                                         
The goal proposed by Cynic philosophy is apathy, which is
equivalent to becoming God -=O=- Julian                  


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug  5 06:32:44 1998
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From: "Julio Anjos" <jda@lusodoc.pt>
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Subject: Re: tc-list clement of alexandria
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-----Original Message-----
From: Yuri Kuchinsky <yuku@globalserve.net>
To: Mr A.J.A. LABOUCHERE <AJALabouchere@compuserve.com>
Cc: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu <tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu>
Date: 04 August 1998 16:29
Subject: Re: tc-list clement of alexandria


<...>
>AN IMPOSSIBLE SCENARIO
>
>And now let's look at what Smith would have had to do to put it all
>together. To remind, his discovery was made when he was doing the job of
>cataloguing odd mss in the rather neglected library of the great Greek
>Orthodox desert monastery of Mar Saba, near Jerusalem. Presumably, the
>critics charge, Smith would have planted the book with the text already
>written into it while he was doing that job. This means that he would have
>had to have spent years of his life previously to that getting himself
>totally immersed into Clement and Mk, becoming a "secret world-class
>expert" in these two highly complex areas.
>


More than that, where would he have found the previouslly unknown Sofocle
works in whose back the Clementine was copied? Wouldn't that have to be
forged as well?

<...>
>And it also needs to be noted here that if Smith managed to "plant" this
>particular manuscript in any other library other than Mar Saba, the case
>for authenticiy would have been rather weaker. This is because there's a
>recorded tradition that a collection of Clement's letters _has been
>attested_ in Mar Saba during the Middle Ages. So such a discovery in Mar
>Saba was not totally unpredictable, after all...
>


I did not know that! But it seems to me that some thing need to be analysed
about this:

a)    The letters were beeing copied on the XVIII th century, so it seems
very likelly they are still around ( the full Mar Saba Collection of
Clementines that is).

b)    Morton Smith did not find such a collection!

c)    Were they in purpose not presented to Dr. Smith? Does Mar Saba
Monastery still have them?

d)    Wouldn't it be interesting if a similar hand to the Clementine Letter
was to be found in other manuscripts on the Monastery ( private letters,
etc)

Do not forget that the existence of what became to be known as Codex
Sinaiticus was denied for years by the monks! that we had to wait for this
century for findidng many missing fragments of that codex on the same
monastery it was originally discovered in!

>Smith devoted many well-documented years of his life on an academic study
>of the ms he discovered. Some commentators have actually suggested
>half-jokingly that the amount of effort he put into all this was almost
>inexplicable. After reading his two books, it indeed seems like Smith was
>genuinely obsessed with his discovery.
>
<...>

I think you do not call an important point to the discussion table here.

That point is : the level of akademia and Mr. Smith's own age at the time of
discovery, seem incompatible with him beeing the forgerer if anyone really
forged the Letter! If he was the forgerer he could have made a full Secret
Mark with all bells and whistles, not just an handfull of verses!

Julio Anjos


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From: "Dave Washburn" <dwashbur@nyx.net>
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> K. C. Hanson has set up a "Catalogue of New Testament Papyri & Codices 2nd - 
> 10th Centuries".  It looks good and has links to other resources.  It can be 
> found at:
> 
> http://www.stolaf.edu/people/kchanson/papyri.html

I have to agree with Bob Waltz: this page is much too large.  I 
contacted Prof. Hanson about it, telling him that I took the 
liberty of dividing it up and offering to send the results to him. 
Here is his response:
--
 Thanks for your note.  I am leaving on a business trip, but I will
try to attend to it late next week.  Thanks for the offer to send it to me,
but I can break it up without much hassle.
--

So hopefully, it will soon be in a form that is more manageable for 
those of us who pay by the hour for our Net connections.
Dave Washburn
http://www.nyx.net/~dwashbur
When in doubt, go for chocolate.  Life is too short
not to.

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug  5 16:36:45 1998
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Date: Wed, 5 Aug 1998 16:36:40 EDT
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I am running windows 98 with a 486 board upgraded to a 586 (at 133 MH).  I
have the pages loaded in a matter of seconds!  I have only about 20 meg. on
board memory.  America Online is my provider.....

I think the site is great......


Paul Moore

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug  5 17:36:17 1998
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Date: Wed, 05 Aug 1998 17:31:35 -0400
From: Jim West <jwest@Highland.Net>
Subject: Re: tc-list Hanson's Catalogue of NT Papyri & Codices
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At 04:36 PM 8/5/98 -0400, you wrote:
>I am running windows 98 with a 486 board upgraded to a 586 (at 133 MH).  I
>have the pages loaded in a matter of seconds!  I have only about 20 meg. on
>board memory.  America Online is my provider.....
>
>I think the site is great......
>
>
>Paul Moore

I'm with Paul.  I use a 266 mhz processor with a 586 chip;  and a 56K modem-
and have no trouble whatever with K.C.'s page.  It loads quick- and the
whole thing is one of the better, and more useful, web pages.


Jim

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Jim West, ThD
Adjunct Professor of Bible
Quartz Hill School of Theology

jwest@highland.net


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug  5 18:27:16 1998
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To: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu
From: "Robert B. Waltz" <waltzmn@skypoint.com>
Subject: Re: tc-list Hanson's Catalogue of NT Papyri & Codices
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On Wed, 5 Aug 1998, PMoore4733@aol.com wrote:

>I am running windows 98 with a 486 board upgraded to a 586 (at 133 MH).  I
>have the pages loaded in a matter of seconds!  I have only about 20 meg. on
>board memory.  America Online is my provider.....

What are you looking for, praise or sympathy?

If the site loads speedily, it's because you have it cached. Purge your
browser cache, *then* see how fast it loads. Your computer has very
little to do with the loading speed. The controlling factor, in all
but the most unusual cases (e.g. java), is how fast you can receive the
data. If you have a fast modem and a good connection, it will load
quickly. But the whole problem of the Internet is that people frequently
can't get good connections. I can't, and I'm actually in the same state
as the site.

If it works for you, that's fine. The point is, its design philosophy
*will* make it difficult for some people to use. Especially those
whose internet connections take a long path to it (typical examples
are those who are overseas, or those whose suppliers don't have
enough bandwidth because their local phone company insists on
using its cables for its own use. I fall into the latter category,
I believe.)

>I think the site is great......

For the most part, so do I; the fact that it takes forever is not
relevant to that. I merely pointed it out for those who do have
slow connections. But my basic problem lies with the textual
classification of the papyri. I don't expect the catalogue compilers to
read what I've done :-), but they could at least read Zuntz....


-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
Try my web page: http://www.skypoint.com/~waltzmn
(A site inspired by the Encyclopedia of NT Textual Criticism)



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug  5 22:16:14 1998
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In a message dated 8/5/98 5:33:20 PM Central Daylight Time,
waltzmn@skypoint.com writes:

<< f the site loads speedily, it's because you have it cached. Purge your
 browser cache, >>

Actually, it loaded fast the first time I used it!   ?????

Paul James Moore
______________
ThD New Testament Greek
Midwestern State University (CE)
Wichita Falls, Texas

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug  5 22:45:14 1998
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To: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu
From: "Robert B. Waltz" <waltzmn@skypoint.com>
Subject: Re: tc-list Hanson's Catalogue of NT Papyri & Codices
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On Wed, 5 Aug 1998, PMoore4733@aol.com wrote:

>In a message dated 8/5/98 5:33:20 PM Central Daylight Time,
>waltzmn@skypoint.com writes:
>
><< f the site loads speedily, it's because you have it cached. Purge your
> browser cache, >>
>
>Actually, it loaded fast the first time I used it!   ?????

Well, maybe your standard of "fast" differs from mine. To me, a page
is fast if it loads in ten seconds or less. (Yes, that means that the
majority of pages out there are slow. :-) Given that the page as I
loaded it included a 137K graphic, it *cannot* load in ten seconds,
unless you have a T1 line or the like.

Still, if you're satisfied, that's fine. You must have a better
local phone network than we do here in Minnesota. It took me about
five minutes to load the page.

But, again and again, I urge my main point: Don't trust the
classification of the papyri. As an online catalog, it's
wonderful; Munster should have done this years ago. But the
textual determinations are unreliable.

Bob Waltz
waltzmn@skypoint.com

"The one thing we learn from history --
   is that no one ever learns from history."



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug  6 01:07:44 1998
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From: "Dave Washburn" <dwashbur@nyx.net>
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> At 04:36 PM 8/5/98 -0400, you wrote:
> >I am running windows 98 with a 486 board upgraded to a 586 (at 133 MH).  I
> >have the pages loaded in a matter of seconds!  I have only about 20 meg. on
> >board memory.  America Online is my provider.....
> >
> >I think the site is great......
> >
> >
> >Paul Moore
> 
> I'm with Paul.  I use a 266 mhz processor with a 586 chip;  and a 56K modem-
> and have no trouble whatever with K.C.'s page.  It loads quick- and the
> whole thing is one of the better, and more useful, web pages.
> 
> 
> Jim

You fellows must have caught it on a good day.  I run a 233 mHz with 
64 meg of RAM and a 56K modem, and it has taken a good two minutes 
every time I've gone to it.  I agree, though, that the end result is 
a very useful page.
Dave Washburn
http://www.nyx.net/~dwashbur
When in doubt, go for chocolate.  Life is too short
not to.

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug  6 15:10:56 1998
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From: "Perry L. Stepp" <plstepp@flash.net>
To: <tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu>
Subject: tc-list 1 Cor 14.34-35
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 1998 14:17:26 -0400
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Curt--

I hate to presume on you, but I am (at the moment) far from any library that
could help me.

I'm preparing for prelims, specifically a critical intro question on any of
the Pauline epistles.  While looking over the interpolation theories germane
to 1 Cor, I remembered your article in NTS (regarding the interpolation
theory at 14.34-35).  I remember being impressed with your argument.
Unfortunately, I don't remember exactly what it was.  Can you briefly (one
paragraph, I don't want to presume on your time any more than that) sketch
it for me?

Hope all is well for you.  I'm taking preliminary exams in a month.  I've
been working on dissertation with Charles Talbert since early 1997.  I will
likely be writing on the Pastorals (as a letter collection) functioning as a
succession document--see the material Talbert and I published (are
publishing?) in the 1998 SBL Seminar Papers to get an idea of the kind of
work I've been doing.

Perry L. Stepp

*****************************************************************
Pastor, DeSoto Christian Church, DeSoto TX
Ph.D. Candidate in Religion, Baylor University
#1 Cowboy Fan
Keeper of the Top-10, news://alt.fan.letterman


It is tremendous folly to put trashy people in positions
of trust and conspicuousness.

                       --George Will, 6 August 1998

*****************************************************************


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug  6 16:01:45 1998
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From: Curt Niccum <curt.niccum@oc.edu>
To: "'tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu'"
	 <tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu>
Subject: RE: tc-list 1 Cor 14.34-35
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 1998 15:02:00 -0500 
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Perry,

Good to hear from you. I wish you all the best on your prelims.

My argument concerning 1 Cor 14:34-35 addresses only the issue of
external evidence. In previous work (most notably by Fee) it has been
argued that: 1) the verses in question are found after v. 33 or after v.
40 in the ms tradition, 2) the ms tradition is split between "Western"
and "Eastern" witnesses (sometimes with the corollary that this division
is of equal antiquity and/or text critical weight), and 3) the most
likely explanation of this split is an original, now no longer extant ms
lacking vv. 34-35 (although Payne keeps finding clues to this text in
very strange places). In my article I accept that 1) is correct. There
is absolutely no ms, versional, or patristic evidence that 14:34-35 was
ever lacking in any copy of 1 Corinthians. I further argue with respect
to 2) that the "Western"/"Eastern" split is too simplistic and that the
corollary is absolutely false. The vast majority of witnesses, mostly
"Eastern" but some "Western," have vv. 34-35 in their traditional order.
Only a few witnesses, mostly "Western" but a few "Eastern," have them
after v. 40. When one actually examines these later witnesses, however,
one finds that they all have some direct or indirect connection to
Northern Italy and all postdate A.D. 350. This suggests, then, that the
split is not even, is not of equal antiquity, and is certainly not of
equal weight. In effect what we have is a "local text" preserved among
some of the "Western" witnesses. The most likely explanation then can
not be an original lacking those verses. Since the transposition can not
be accidental either, the verses must have been moved for other reasons.
It is my guess that the purpose was theological and my tentative
conjecture that it is related to the blossoming monastic movement among
Western women in the 4th century.

I hope this helps. I type it quickly in between typing on my
dissertation.

Your work with Talbert sounds very interesting. I look forward to
learning more about it. Sometime you can fill me in with happened to
your original plans. If I remember correctly, it was going to be
Johannine studies with Culpepper.

Curt


	-----Original Message-----
	From:	Perry L. Stepp [SMTP:plstepp@flash.net]
	Sent:	Thursday, August 06, 1998 1:17 PM
	To:	tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu
	Subject:	tc-list 1 Cor 14.34-35

	Curt--

	I hate to presume on you, but I am (at the moment) far from any
library that
	could help me.

	I'm preparing for prelims, specifically a critical intro
question on any of
	the Pauline epistles.  While looking over the interpolation
theories germane
	to 1 Cor, I remembered your article in NTS (regarding the
interpolation
	theory at 14.34-35).  I remember being impressed with your
argument.
	Unfortunately, I don't remember exactly what it was.  Can you
briefly (one
	paragraph, I don't want to presume on your time any more than
that) sketch
	it for me?

	Hope all is well for you.  I'm taking preliminary exams in a
month.  I've
	been working on dissertation with Charles Talbert since early
1997.  I will
	likely be writing on the Pastorals (as a letter collection)
functioning as a
	succession document--see the material Talbert and I published
(are
	publishing?) in the 1998 SBL Seminar Papers to get an idea of
the kind of
	work I've been doing.

	Perry L. Stepp

	
*****************************************************************
	Pastor, DeSoto Christian Church, DeSoto TX
	Ph.D. Candidate in Religion, Baylor University
	#1 Cowboy Fan
	Keeper of the Top-10, news://alt.fan.letterman


	It is tremendous folly to put trashy people in positions
	of trust and conspicuousness.

	                       --George Will, 6 August 1998

	
*****************************************************************

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug  6 16:03:15 1998
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From: Curt Niccum <curt.niccum@oc.edu>
To: "'tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu'"
	 <tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu>
Subject: tc-list RE: Sorry
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 1998 15:03:34 -0500 
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Tcers,

I apologize for that last post. I hit send before I noticed that Perry
had accidentally sent me a note addressed to the entire list.

Curt


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug  6 20:15:05 1998
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From: "Perry L. Stepp" <plstepp@flash.net>
To: <tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu>
Subject: RE: tc-list RE: Sorry
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 1998 19:21:36 -0400
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(gasp!) (blush!)

> I apologize for that last post. I hit send before I noticed that Perry
> had accidentally sent me a note addressed to the entire list.

My apologies as well--brain lock, sorry.

PLS

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug  6 21:22:37 1998
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Date: Thu, 06 Aug 1998 21:21:16 -0400
From: "Dr. Michael Patrick O'Connor" <oconnorm@cua.edu>
Subject: Re: tc-list 1 Cor 14.34-35
To: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu
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Dear Perry L. Stepp

Here is a totally unsolicited comment.  I am in OT and Hebrew and therefore
should not be commenting on matters relating to the NT, but I would like to
say that it seems to that the work of my friend, the late Jerome Quinn, on
the pastorals has been mightily neglected.


Michael Patrick O'Connor
Department of Semitics
Catholic University of America
Washington, D.C. 20064
202 319 5083
home: 8357 Colesville Road
Silver Spring, MD 20910
301 585 6908
email: oconnorm@cua.edu

-


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Fri Aug  7 05:07:09 1998
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Date: 7 Aug 1998 09:07:28 -0000
Message-ID: <19980807090728.28746.qmail@findmail.com>
From: "Wieland Willker" <willker@chemie.uni-bremen.de>
Subject: Re: tc-list clement of alexandria
In-Reply-To: <199807310208.WAA08900@server1.netpath.net>
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Hello, 

if you would like to read the letter itself: 
You can find the original letter scanned from M. Smith books on my page at:

http://alf.zfn.uni-bremen.de/~wie/texte/secmark.html

On top is the first page of the letter with the last page of the printed book: "Epistulae genuinae S. Ignatii Martyris", 1646
On bottom are all three pages of the letter for your reading pleasure.
The text inbetween is the German translation. 

My personal view is that our canonical Mark is an edited, shortened version. 
One of M. Smith speculations was that sections mentioning Salome had been removed, because Salome played an important role in some sects. 

Best wishes
    Wieland 

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-----Original Message-----
From: Wieland Willker <willker@chemie.uni-bremen.de>
To: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu <tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu>
Cc: willker@chemie.uni-bremen.de <willker@chemie.uni-bremen.de>
Date: 07 August 1998 09:16
Subject: Re: tc-list clement of alexandria
>
>My personal view is that our canonical Mark is an edited, shortened
version.
>One of M. Smith speculations was that sections mentioning Salome had been
removed, because Salome played an important role in some sects.
>
>Best wishes
>    Wieland


Funny you mentioned that. I have not read M. Smiths book but it seems then
that

"
"Salomae interroganti, quousque vigebit mors," non quasi vita esset mala, et
mala creatura, "Dominus, Quoadusque, inquit, vos mulieres paritis,"
"
(Salome asked "until when will death have power over us?" and the reply was
"While youi women have children!" )

As cited by clement on Chapter VI of Book III of the THE STROMATA might also
be a part of Secret Mark?


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Fri Aug  7 11:35:34 1998
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From: Yuri Kuchinsky <yuku@globalserve.net>
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On Wed, 5 Aug 1998, Julio Anjos replied to Yuri:

> More than that, where would he have found the previouslly unknown
> Sofocle works in whose back the Clementine was copied? Wouldn't that
> have to be forged as well?

Not quite, Julio.

As Wieland Willker already noted, the letter was inscribed into the copy
of "Epistulae genuinae S. Ignatii Martyris", 1646.
                                                                              
http://alf.zfn.uni-bremen.de/~wie/texte/secmark.html

[Yuri:]
> >And it also needs to be noted here that if Smith managed to "plant" this
> >particular manuscript in any other library other than Mar Saba, the case
> >for authenticiy would have been rather weaker. This is because there's a
> >recorded tradition that a collection of Clement's letters _has been
> >attested_ in Mar Saba during the Middle Ages. So such a discovery in Mar
> >Saba was not totally unpredictable, after all...

> I did not know that!

Smith provides the particulars in his books.

> But it seems to me that some thing need to be analysed
> about this:
> 
> a)    The letters were beeing copied on the XVIII th century,

We don't know this. We only know that one letter may have been copied.

> so it seems very likelly they are still around ( the full Mar Saba
> Collection of Clementines that is).

I doubt it.

> b)    Morton Smith did not find such a collection!

No.

> c)    Were they in purpose not presented to Dr. Smith? Does Mar Saba
> Monastery still have them?
> 
> d)    Wouldn't it be interesting if a similar hand to the Clementine Letter
> was to be found in other manuscripts on the Monastery ( private letters,
> etc)

We can only wish...

> Do not forget that the existence of what became to be known as Codex
> Sinaiticus was denied for years by the monks! that we had to wait for
> this century for findidng many missing fragments of that codex on the
> same monastery it was originally discovered in!

	...

> That point is : the level of akademia and Mr. Smith's own age at the
> time of discovery, seem incompatible with him beeing the forgerer

I agree with you.

> if anyone really forged the Letter! If he was the forgerer he could
> have made a full Secret Mark with all bells and whistles, not just an
> handfull of verses!

Best wishes,

Yuri. 
                                                         
Yuri Kuchinsky || Toronto
                                
http://www.trends.net/~yuku/bbl/bbl.htm                  
                                                         
The goal proposed by Cynic philosophy is apathy, which is
equivalent to becoming God -=O=- Julian                  


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Fri Aug  7 23:25:31 1998
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Query for the group.  Does anone know who ae the U.S. distributors for the
series "Sources Chretiennes" (published by Editions du Cerf) and/or
"Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller" (published by Berlin -
Brandenburg Akademie or some such)?  Thanks, Rod Mullen


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 10 02:51:38 1998
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From: "Mr A.J.A. LABOUCHERE" <AJALabouchere@compuserve.com>
Subject: tc-list Distributors for Cerf and GCS
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Re distributors for editions Cerf and GCS:  I don't know if they have
actual US distributors, but their volumes can be ordered from any serious=

academic bookstore.  Two I often use for such orders are the Seminary Co-=
op
Bookstore, in Chicago (near the Div School), and Blackwells, in Oxford
(UK).

The more recent GCS volumes have been published by the Akademie Verlag; =

what has happened since reunification, I'm not sure.

--Petersen, Penn State Univ.

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 10 07:10:08 1998
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C. Hedrick told me:

> huh?  Someone is very confused.
> ...
> I have read the book "The Secret Gospel", but haven't seen the
> document (except as it is quoted in the book).

So, the rumour, that he saw the ms in Jerusalem seems to be not true.
:-(

Next year in Jerusalem?

Best wishes
    Wieland



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 11 09:18:14 1998
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From: Yuri Kuchinsky <yuku@globalserve.net>
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Dear Wieland,

Thank you very much for this correction. So it seems like Prof. Hedrick
did not see the ms after all. I will try to find more information about
this rumour (yes, it was only an unverified rumour, I suppose) that I've
reported here. Perhaps it was someone else who saw this ms recently, and
not Prof. Hedrick? I will report any new information I come across.

Best wishes,

Yuri.

p.s.
To the best of my knowledge, this ms is not currently in Jerusalem, but in
Istambul, where the headquarters of this religious order is located.


On Mon, 10 Aug 1998, Wieland Willker wrote:

> C. Hedrick told me:
> 
> > huh?  Someone is very confused.
> > ...
> > I have read the book "The Secret Gospel", but haven't seen the
> > document (except as it is quoted in the book).
> 
> So, the rumour, that he saw the ms in Jerusalem seems to be not true.
> :-(
> 
> Next year in Jerusalem?
> 
> Best wishes
>     Wieland
> 
> 
> 


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 11 11:06:19 1998
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Recently I viewed a series of debates which dealt with, among other issues,
the degree of textual harmony that exists between the recognized text types.
One participant mentioned that it had been documented, by Dr. Daniel B.
Wallace, of Dallas Theological Seminary, that the textual harmony between the
Western, Byzantine, Alexandrian, etc. types was as high as 98%.
I've read various attempts to provide reasonable estimates of the harmony that
exists. This is my first exposure to a reference of textual harmony so high.
Can anyone provide additonal information regarding this figure.

Blessings,

Nelson Roth, Dayton, TN, USA


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 11 11:50:14 1998
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On Tue, 11 Aug 1998, "Nelson D. Roth" <nroth@volstate.net> wrote:

>Recently I viewed a series of debates which dealt with, among other issues,
>the degree of textual harmony that exists between the recognized text types.
>One participant mentioned that it had been documented, by Dr. Daniel B.
>Wallace, of Dallas Theological Seminary, that the textual harmony between the
>Western, Byzantine, Alexandrian, etc. types was as high as 98%.
>I've read various attempts to provide reasonable estimates of the harmony that
>exists. This is my first exposure to a reference of textual harmony so high.
>Can anyone provide additonal information regarding this figure.

Oh, joy. I get to play the mathematical curmudgeon again. :-(

The problem here is almost certainly with definitions. What is
"textual harmony"?

I can see several ways of defining this term. One is to start with
texts of the three types, determined by some method, and compare
them word by word.

I'll give an example. Take Galatians 1:1-3. Let us arbitrarily
define "The Byzantine Text" as the reading of K, "The Western
Text" as the reading of D, "The Alexandrian Text" as the
reading of Aleph, and "The Proto-Alexandrian (P46/B) Text"
as the reading of B.

I'll use the Munster NT auf Papyrus volume for my evidence,
since I understand this to include all non-orthographic variants.

Galatians 1 contains 20 words. There are no variations.

Galatians 2 contains 10 words. There are no variations.

Galatians 3 contains 12 words. There is one variation:
Aleph has HMWN KAI KURIOU; B, D, and K have KAI KURIOI HMWN.

Thus we have 42 words. The proto-Alexandrian, Byzantine, and Western
texts agree on all of these, or 100% of the time.

The Alexandrian text agrees on 41 of 42 words, so it agrees
with the others 98% of the time (97.6%, to be exact).

Using this method, if one speaks only of text-TYPES, a 98%
agreement rate seems possible. Note that text-types, which
are composite, will present many fewer variants than the
manuscripts which compose those types. (BTW -- no, I did
*not* cook this example. It's just that I happened to have
the data from that particular page of the NT auf Papyrus
before me, so I used it - and lo and behold the numbers
worked out.)

Note that this is not to defend this method. But it is a method. :-)

Scholars who offer a lower figure for the agreement rate are probably
basing their results on *places at which variation actually occurs,*
or, better yet, on places where variations occur which are supported
by at least two significant manuscripts. This sort of calculation
can lead to much lower rates of agreement -- perhaps as low as 20-30%
agreement between the Alexandrian and "Western" texts.

To speak of "the degree of textual harmony" without defining the
term is meaningless. The number requires a context. (And, frankly,
this is an area where textual critics have been incredibly lax.)

Curmudgeon mode off.

At least till the next time someone uses an undefined term. :-)

-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
Try my web page: http://www.skypoint.com/~waltzmn
(A site inspired by the Encyclopedia of NT Textual Criticism)



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 11 14:16:20 1998
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What is meant by "textual harmony"?  Is it the same as "percentage of
agreement at points of variation"?  It would be hard to imagine a 98% level
of agreement between the text types you mention.  Perhaps the 98% figure
refers to the level of agreement WITHIN families such as Fam.1 and Fam.13?
--Rod Mullen

At 11:13 AM 8/11/98 -0400, you wrote:
>Recently I viewed a series of debates which dealt with, among other issues,
>the degree of textual harmony that exists between the recognized text types.
>One participant mentioned that it had been documented, by Dr. Daniel B.
>Wallace, of Dallas Theological Seminary, that the textual harmony between the
>Western, Byzantine, Alexandrian, etc. types was as high as 98%.
>I've read various attempts to provide reasonable estimates of the harmony that
>exists. This is my first exposure to a reference of textual harmony so high.
>Can anyone provide additonal information regarding this figure.
>
>Blessings,
>
>Nelson Roth, Dayton, TN, USA
>


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 11 15:37:26 1998
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From: Ronald Minton <rminton@mail.orion.org>
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On Tue, 11 Aug 1998, Nelson D. Roth wrote:

> Recently I viewed a series of debates which dealt with, among other issues,
> the degree of textual harmony that exists between the recognized text types.
> One participant mentioned that it had been documented, by Dr. Daniel B.
> Wallace, of Dallas Theological Seminary, that the textual harmony between the
> Western, Byzantine, Alexandrian, etc. types was as high as 98%.

To me, 98% agreement among text-types is reasonable for the entire NT
text, but I would guess 90% at most among places where there are actual
variants.
I have found such percentages hard to nail down since text-types are
difficult to identify in many passages because leading manuscripts
which we identify the family with are not in agreement.


Prof. Ron Minton
rminton@mail.orion.org   (417)833-9581
5379 North Farm Road 179
Springfield, MO 65803



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 12 08:36:59 1998
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Hello,

today I looked through one of C.P. Thiede's books about the dating of
the Magdalen Mt papyrus. One can have different opinions about his
dating, but he has the best photos I have ever seen of a papyrus
fragment.
I think, with these new(?) photographic tools he used one can make a lot
more out of some fragments.
For example the Egerton gospel, if I remember correctly it was published
in 1935. I would love to see a "Thiede" photo of fragment 2 verso. This
otherwise unknown parable/miracle is my personal obsession. :-)
The photos of the recently published new Egerton fragment (Papyrus Koeln
255) are also not very thrilling.
Will there ever be any new photos?

Best wishes
    Wieland


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Nelson D. Roth writes:
> 
> Recently I viewed a series of debates which dealt with, among other issues,
> the degree of textual harmony that exists between the recognized text types.
> One participant mentioned that it had been documented, by Dr. Daniel B.
> Wallace, of Dallas Theological Seminary, that the textual harmony between the
> Western, Byzantine, Alexandrian, etc. types was as high as 98%.
> I've read various attempts to provide reasonable estimates of the harmony that
> exists. This is my first exposure to a reference of textual harmony so high.
> Can anyone provide additonal information regarding this figure.
> 
> Blessings,
> 
> Nelson Roth, Dayton, TN, USA
> 

At the risk of telling the members of this list something they probably
already know, the paper where Wallace makes this statement is located at:

                 http://www.bible.org/docs/soapbox/91b2.htm

                 (Search for the word "percent").


Additionally, a list of 13 of Wallace's papers on NT TC is at:

                 http://www.bible.org/docs/soapbox/soaptoc.htm
         

--
Troy DeJongh            troyd@euler.com          http://www1.euler.com/~troyd



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 12 19:47:25 1998
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On Wed, 12 Aug 1998, Troy DeJongh <troyd@euler.com> wrote:

>Nelson D. Roth writes:
>> 
>> Recently I viewed a series of debates which dealt with, among other issues,
>> the degree of textual harmony that exists between the recognized text types.
>> One participant mentioned that it had been documented, by Dr. Daniel B.
>> Wallace, of Dallas Theological Seminary, that the textual harmony between the
>> Western, Byzantine, Alexandrian, etc. types was as high as 98%.
>> I've read various attempts to provide reasonable estimates of the harmony that
>> exists. This is my first exposure to a reference of textual harmony so high.
>> Can anyone provide additonal information regarding this figure.

[ ... ]

>At the risk of telling the members of this list something they probably
>already know, the paper where Wallace makes this statement is located at:
>
>                 http://www.bible.org/docs/soapbox/91b2.htm
>
>                 (Search for the word "percent").

Well, *I* didn't know it. Thanks for the link.

This allows us to quote the actual context:

>There are approximately 300,000 textual variants among New Testament >manuscripts. The Majority Text differs from the Textus Receptus in
>almost 2,000 places. So the agreement is better than 99 percent. But
>the Majority Text differs from the modern critical text in only about
>6,500 places. In other  words the two texts agree almost 98 percent of
>the time.

The problem here is in Wallace's definition of a variant. He includes
*everything*. Scribal errors. Singular readings. Apparently even
orthographic variants. It would even appear that different readings
at the same point of variation might count.

But as far as divergences go, he is counting only two: The UBS
text and the Hodges & Farstad text.

So this leads to two observations:

First, Wallace is comparing apples and oranges.
Second, Wallace is using an absurd definition of a variant.

Conclusion: This number is meaningless.

If the original poster wishes to offer his definition of harmony,
no doubt we can offer some sort of answer as to what degree of
harmony occurs. But this demonstrates, once again, the danger
of inadequately defined terms.

Mumble, mutter, mumble.... :-)

-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
Try my web page: http://www.skypoint.com/~waltzmn
(A site inspired by the Encyclopedia of NT Textual Criticism)



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug 13 09:34:18 1998
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From: "D.R. Edwards" <dedwards@bae.uky.edu>
To: <tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu>
Subject: tc-list Codex B Photocopies?
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 1998 09:43:34 -0400
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My apologies in advance is this turns out to be a case of a lurker asking a
laughably simple question.  In any event, would anyone know how (assuming
it's possible) one would get photocopies of any portions of B (G of Mark, in
particular)?  I've seen the occasional image posted on a web site or two,
but I've been unable to find anything further.

Thanks in advance.


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug 13 13:29:37 1998
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To: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu
From: "Kevin W. Woodruff" <cierpke@utc.campus.mci.net>
Subject: Re: tc-list Codex B Photocopies?
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We have Kirsopp Lake's photographs of Vaticanus here. What passages do you
need and please supply a fax number

Kevin

At 09:43 AM 8/13/98 -0400, you wrote:
>My apologies in advance is this turns out to be a case of a lurker asking a
>laughably simple question.  In any event, would anyone know how (assuming
>it's possible) one would get photocopies of any portions of B (G of Mark, in
>particular)?  I've seen the occasional image posted on a web site or two,
>but I've been unable to find anything further.
>
>Thanks in advance.
>
>

Kevin W. Woodruff, M.Div.
Library Director/Reference Librarian
Cierpke Memorial Library
Tennessee Temple University/Temple Baptist Seminary
1815 Union Ave. 
Chattanooga, Tennessee 37404
United States of America
423/493-4252 (office)
423/698-9447 (home)
423/493-4497 (FAX)
Cierpke@utc.campus.mci.net (preferred)
kwoodruf@utkux.utcc.utk.edu (alternate)
http://web.utk.edu/~kwoodruf/woodruff.htm


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug 13 14:09:32 1998
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From: "Dave Washburn" <dwashbur@nyx.net>
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> We have Kirsopp Lake's photographs of Vaticanus here. What passages do you
> need and please supply a fax number

What would you charge to make a copy of the entire thing?  Please 
contact me off-list...
Dave Washburn
http://www.nyx.net/~dwashbur
When in doubt, go for chocolate.  Life is too short
not to.

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug 13 14:40:04 1998
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Date: Thu, 13 Aug 1998 13:50:02 +0400
To: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu
From: Carlton Winbery <winberyc@popalex1.linknet.net>
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>We have Kirsopp Lake's photographs of Vaticanus here. What passages do you
>need and please supply a fax number

Keven, could you send me the bibliographic info from the title page of
Vaticanus.  I have some money and am thinking of purchasing a published
facsimile if possible.  We have the Bodmer and Beatty Papyri and the
Sinaiticus in published form. We also have a number of minuscules on
microfilm.  They are good for introducing majors to simple paliographical
features of TC.

Thanks,

Carlton



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug 13 14:46:53 1998
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D.R. Edwards wrote:

> My apologies in advance is this turns out to be a case of a lurker asking a
> laughably simple question.  In any event, would anyone know how (assuming
> it's possible) one would get photocopies of any portions of B (G of Mark, in
> particular)?  I've seen the occasional image posted on a web site or two,
> but I've been unable to find anything further.
>
> Thanks in advance.

  you might also want to check with Hill Monastic Manuscript Library on the web
at:

http://www.csbsju.edu/hmml/


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Thu Aug 13 15:25:35 1998
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From: "Kevin W. Woodruff" <cierpke@utc.campus.mci.net>
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Dr. Winbery:

The info we have says:

Bibliorum Sacrum Graecus Codex Vaticanus auspice Pio IX. Pontifice Maximo
collatis studiis Caroli Vercellone Sodalis Barnabitae et Ioseph Cozza
Monachi Basiliani editus. Originally Published in 1868. Reproduced by Brown
and Thomas, Detroit Michigan, 1982.


At 01:50 PM 8/13/98 +0400, you wrote:
>>We have Kirsopp Lake's photographs of Vaticanus here. What passages do you
>>need and please supply a fax number
>
>Keven, could you send me the bibliographic info from the title page of
>Vaticanus.  I have some money and am thinking of purchasing a published
>facsimile if possible.  We have the Bodmer and Beatty Papyri and the
>Sinaiticus in published form. We also have a number of minuscules on
>microfilm.  They are good for introducing majors to simple paliographical
>features of TC.
>
>Thanks,
>
>Carlton
>
>
>

Kevin W. Woodruff, M.Div.
Library Director/Reference Librarian
Cierpke Memorial Library
Tennessee Temple University/Temple Baptist Seminary
1815 Union Ave. 
Chattanooga, Tennessee 37404
United States of America
423/493-4252 (office)
423/698-9447 (home)
423/493-4497 (FAX)
Cierpke@utc.campus.mci.net (preferred)
kwoodruf@utkux.utcc.utk.edu (alternate)
http://web.utk.edu/~kwoodruf/woodruff.htm


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Fri Aug 14 04:21:37 1998
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Date: Fri, 14 Aug 1998 09:31:53 +0200
From: Wieland Willker <willker@chemie.uni-bremen.de>
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Oops, I am very sorry,

this is what I got today:
--------------------------
From: Charles HEDRICK <hedrick@geneva.rutgers.edu>
I think this is referring to a different Charles Hedrick.  While Hedrick

isn't a common name, there are others.  E.g. the chair of the history
dept
at UCSC is Charles Hedrick, and I believe I've heard of a religion
scholar
by that name.  I don't go by "Charlie".
--------------------------

I just searched the email with some search-engine and I was pretty sure
after getting his first reply that there couldn't be two people with the
name Charles Hedrick having read the book "The Secret Gospel...". I now
know better!
Maybe some other listmember has a luckier hand in getting in contact
with THE Charles Hedrick?


Please accept my sincere apologies for raising this confusion.

Best wishes
    Wieland


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Fri Aug 14 11:56:05 1998
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please disregard this message, leonard



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Fri Aug 14 12:04:30 1998
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Gavid, I am wondering when I can expect your review of the English Bible CD
sent to you in March.  As you will recall, one of the chief advantages of
electronic pubication is that can get our reviews out far more quickly than
print journals.  It is therefore especially important that I know where
things stand with you in connection with this review.

I anticipate hearing from you very soon;  I hope all is well

leonard

**********************************************
*     Leonard Jay Greenspoon, Chairholder    *
*   Klutznick Chair in Jewish Civilization   *
*          Creighton University              *
          2500  California Plaza
 Admin Bldg #333, Omaha, Nebraska  68178     *
*  phone (402)-280-2304  fax (402)-280-4731  *
*       e-mail:  LJGRN@creighton.edu         *
**********************************************



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Sat Aug 15 14:10:41 1998
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From: Yuri Kuchinsky <yuku@globalserve.net>
To: Wieland Willker <willker@chemie.uni-bremen.de>
cc: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu
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Dear Wieland,

Thanks for this further note. Yes, we can all get confused by these
strange coincidences. Seems like all this is in line with the rest of the
strange and tangled story of SecMk. Some weird coincidences there as well.

Mahlon Smith further clarified that _his_ Charles Hedric is Professor of
Religious Studies at Southwest Missouri State. His basic credentials can
be found on the Fellows page of the new Westar website:

http://westarinstitute.org/Fellows/Hedrick/hedrick.html

And he is active in Jesus Seminar.

Best wishes,

Yuri. 


On Fri, 14 Aug 1998, Wieland Willker wrote:

> Oops, I am very sorry,
> 
> this is what I got today:
> --------------------------
> From: Charles HEDRICK <hedrick@geneva.rutgers.edu>
> I think this is referring to a different Charles Hedrick.  While Hedrick
> 
> isn't a common name, there are others.  E.g. the chair of the history
> dept at UCSC is Charles Hedrick, and I believe I've heard of a
> religion scholar by that name.  I don't go by "Charlie".
> --------------------------
> 
> I just searched the email with some search-engine and I was pretty
> sure after getting his first reply that there couldn't be two people
> with the name Charles Hedrick having read the book "The Secret
> Gospel...". I now know better! Maybe some other listmember has a
> luckier hand in getting in contact with THE Charles Hedrick?
> 
> 
> Please accept my sincere apologies for raising this confusion.
> 
> Best wishes
>     Wieland
> 
> 
                                                         
Yuri Kuchinsky || Toronto
                                
http://www.trends.net/~yuku/bbl/bbl.htm                  
                                                         
The goal proposed by Cynic philosophy is apathy, which is
equivalent to becoming God -=O=- Julian                  


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 17 06:31:52 1998
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From: "Julio Anjos" <jda@lusodoc.pt>
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But is it confirmed that this one saw the Secret Gospel Letter?

-----Original Message-----
From: Yuri Kuchinsky <yuku@globalserve.net>
To: Wieland Willker <willker@chemie.uni-bremen.de>
Cc: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu <tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu>
Date: 15 August 1998 18:21
Subject: Re: tc-list C. Hedrick and the Clement letter


>
>Dear Wieland,
>
>Thanks for this further note. Yes, we can all get confused by these
>strange coincidences. Seems like all this is in line with the rest of the
>strange and tangled story of SecMk. Some weird coincidences there as well.
>
>Mahlon Smith further clarified that _his_ Charles Hedric is Professor of
>Religious Studies at Southwest Missouri State. His basic credentials can
>be found on the Fellows page of the new Westar website:
>
>http://westarinstitute.org/Fellows/Hedrick/hedrick.html
>
>And he is active in Jesus Seminar.
>
>Best wishes,
>
>Yuri. 
>
>
>On Fri, 14 Aug 1998, Wieland Willker wrote:
>
>> Oops, I am very sorry,
>> 
>> this is what I got today:
>> --------------------------
>> From: Charles HEDRICK <hedrick@geneva.rutgers.edu>
>> I think this is referring to a different Charles Hedrick.  While Hedrick
>> 
>> isn't a common name, there are others.  E.g. the chair of the history
>> dept at UCSC is Charles Hedrick, and I believe I've heard of a
>> religion scholar by that name.  I don't go by "Charlie".
>> --------------------------
>> 
>> I just searched the email with some search-engine and I was pretty
>> sure after getting his first reply that there couldn't be two people
>> with the name Charles Hedrick having read the book "The Secret
>> Gospel...". I now know better! Maybe some other listmember has a
>> luckier hand in getting in contact with THE Charles Hedrick?
>> 
>> 
>> Please accept my sincere apologies for raising this confusion.
>> 
>> Best wishes
>>     Wieland
>> 
>> 
>                                                         
>Yuri Kuchinsky || Toronto
>                                
>http://www.trends.net/~yuku/bbl/bbl.htm                  
>                                                         
>The goal proposed by Cynic philosophy is apathy, which is
>equivalent to becoming God -=O=- Julian                  
>


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On Mon, 17 Aug 1998, Julio Anjos wrote:

> But is it confirmed that this one saw the Secret Gospel Letter?

As far as I know, Julio. 

As I said originally, this came to me in a word of mouth sort of way. I
don't know more about it than I've reported here. But this information was
too relevant to disregard, so I've mentioned it in the context of
discussing the current status of SecMk.

Please take this with a caveat.

Best wishes,

Yuri. 
                                                         
Yuri Kuchinsky || Toronto
                                
http://www.trends.net/~yuku/bbl/bbl.htm                  
                                                         
The goal proposed by Cynic philosophy is apathy, which is
equivalent to becoming God -=O=- Julian                  


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 18 10:30:07 1998
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>Date: Tue, 11 Aug 1998 10:25:32 -0500 (CDT)
From: Troy DeJongh <troyd@euler.com>
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Nelson D. Roth writes:
> 
> Recently I viewed a series of debates which dealt with, among other issues,
> the degree of textual harmony that exists between the recognized text types.
> One participant mentioned that it had been documented, by Dr. Daniel B.
> Wallace, of Dallas Theological Seminary, that the textual harmony between the
> Western, Byzantine, Alexandrian, etc. types was as high as 98%.
> I've read various attempts to provide reasonable estimates of the harmony that
> exists. This is my first exposure to a reference of textual harmony so high.
> Can anyone provide additonal information regarding this figure.
> 
> Blessings,
> 
> Nelson Roth, Dayton, TN, USA
> 

For the benefit of the other members of this list, the paper where 
Wallace makes this statement is located at:

                 http://www.bible.org/docs/soapbox/91b2.htm

                 (Search for the word "percent").


Additionally, a list of 13 of his papers on NT TC is at:

                 http://www.bible.org/docs/soapbox/soaptoc.htm
         

--
Troy DeJongh            troyd@euler.com          http://www1.euler.com/~troyd




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Please disregard the message below.  I was assuming it was in the bit bucket
when I resent a modified version of the message below several days ago.  I 
don't know why "the lost version" just showed up now...

--
Troy DeJongh            troyd@euler.com          http://www1.euler.com/~troyd


On Tue, 18 Aug 1998, Troy DeJongh wrote:

> Nelson D. Roth writes:
> > 
> > Recently I viewed a series of debates which dealt with, among other issues,
> > the degree of textual harmony that exists between the recognized text types.
> > One participant mentioned that it had been documented, by Dr. Daniel B.
> > Wallace, of Dallas Theological Seminary, that the textual harmony between the
> > Western, Byzantine, Alexandrian, etc. types was as high as 98%.
> > I've read various attempts to provide reasonable estimates of the harmony that
> > exists. This is my first exposure to a reference of textual harmony so high.
> > Can anyone provide additonal information regarding this figure.
> > 
> > Blessings,
> > 
> > Nelson Roth, Dayton, TN, USA
> > 
> 
> For the benefit of the other members of this list, the paper where 
> Wallace makes this statement is located at:
> 
>                  http://www.bible.org/docs/soapbox/91b2.htm
> 
>                  (Search for the word "percent").
> 
> 
> Additionally, a list of 13 of his papers on NT TC is at:
> 
>                  http://www.bible.org/docs/soapbox/soaptoc.htm
>          
> 
> --
> Troy DeJongh            troyd@euler.com          http://www1.euler.com/~troyd
> 
> 
> 


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Sat Aug 22 09:51:38 1998
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Subject: tc-list Vaticanus Divisions in Paul
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TCers --

I was just idly considering the chapter divisions in Paul -- or rather,
the divisions in Vaticanus -- when something occurred to me.

As most of you probably know, there is a numbering scheme in Vaticanus
which is continuous, running through Romans, Corinthians, Galatians,
Hebrews (yes, after Galatians), and on through to 2 Thessalonians.
Presumably it continued through the Pastorals and Philemon, but
of course these books are lost.

Now here is the thought: There are 93 sections in the surviving
sections of Vaticanus. The surviving portions (if, for these purposes,
we count all of Hebrews as surviving) constitute just about 90%
of the length of Paul (based on number of verses, anyway).

So: Is it possible that the divisions in Vaticanus were designed
to segment Paul into 100 sections? This seems like the sort of
thing a non-mathematician would do (a mathematician, of course,
would never use such a difficult number as 100; it's not divisible
by 3 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 16 or.... :-)

Thoughts? Also, has anyone ever suggested this before? Or have
I finally managed to have an original idea? :-)

-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
Try my web page: http://www.skypoint.com/~waltzmn
(A site inspired by the Encyclopedia of NT Textual Criticism)



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 24 12:16:03 1998
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test

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 24 14:08:20 1998
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From: Jim West <jwest@Highland.Net>
Subject: tc-list Jer 43:12
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The commentaries I have checked seem evenly divided on the variant found
here (please see BHS ad loc- note b-c).

I tend to favor the LXX here, but may be missing something.  Any opinions by
list members are appreciated.

Best,

Jim


jwest@highland.net



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 24 15:54:45 1998
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Subject: tc-list Dan 11:30
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Hello.

I recently checked out the LXX on Dan11:30 to find that it does not mention
the "ships of the Kittim" at all: it simply has "Romans", though the
Theodotion version simply has "Kittim". I have long puzzled over the use of
Kittim to refer to the Romans in a work written around 165 BCE. It seems far
too early when one considers what seems to be a reasonably consistent use of
the term in the OT/HB to refer to Cyprus (hopefully, this point doesn't
really need arguing -- though I will if necessary). The Hebrews had no
direct experience with the Romans and yet Dan11:30 has Kittim.

I would think that "Romans", as seen in the LXX is the earliest version. One
would expect that there would be more of an original line if someone merely
changed Kittim to Romans, but this is not the case: the LXX doesn't mention
any ships. Yet ships are integral to the Hebrew text as it refers back to a
Balaam prophecy.

>From the evidence provided by the two Greek versions and the Hebrew it would
seem that the "romans" was the original text and later Daniel has been
reworked to attach the prophecy of Balaam at a stage where Kittim could
refer to Romans, then the version of Theodotion has attempted to bring the
LXX version into line with the Hebrew.

I would be interested in any comments on this line of thought.


Ian Hutchesson


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 24 18:01:21 1998
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On Mon, 24 Aug 1998, Ian Hutchesson <mc2499@mclink.it> wrote:

>Hello.
>
>I recently checked out the LXX on Dan11:30 to find that it does not mention
>the "ships of the Kittim" at all: it simply has "Romans", though the
>Theodotion version simply has "Kittim". I have long puzzled over the use of
>Kittim to refer to the Romans in a work written around 165 BCE. It seems far
>too early when one considers what seems to be a reasonably consistent use of
>the term in the OT/HB to refer to Cyprus (hopefully, this point doesn't
>really need arguing -- though I will if necessary). The Hebrews had no
>direct experience with the Romans and yet Dan11:30 has Kittim.
>
>I would think that "Romans", as seen in the LXX is the earliest version. One
>would expect that there would be more of an original line if someone merely
>changed Kittim to Romans, but this is not the case: the LXX doesn't mention
>any ships. Yet ships are integral to the Hebrew text as it refers back to a
>Balaam prophecy.
>
>>From the evidence provided by the two Greek versions and the Hebrew it would
>seem that the "romans" was the original text and later Daniel has been
>reworked to attach the prophecy of Balaam at a stage where Kittim could
>refer to Romans, then the version of Theodotion has attempted to bring the
>LXX version into line with the Hebrew.
>
>I would be interested in any comments on this line of thought.

I have to disagree. While I am open to LXX readings, I think the
internal evidence clearly favours a reading with "Kittim" over
one with "Romans."

You point out that the Hebrews would have no experience with the
Romans. They wouldn't distinguish peoples sailing from the west.
All people coming from over the sea would be Kittim -- just as,
in the First World War, all the people of the Central Powers
were Huns to the Western Allies, even though the people they
were fighting (the Germans) had no Magyar blood at all.

I'm sure you can think of other examples of peoples being called
by generic names when their actual nationality is not well known.

The LXX edition of Daniel, as I understand, is given to paraphrase.
Now we know, and the translator probably knew, that these people
were Romans.  But the author of Daniel might not know that, or if
he did know might be trying to conceal that fact. (Remember, he
was pretending to write from the perspective of 520 or so B.C.E.,
when Rome was still just a collection of semi-independent hills
in Italy.) It seems much more logical to assume that the translator
paraphrase the Hebrew reading "Kittim."

-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
Try my web page: http://www.skypoint.com/~waltzmn
(A site inspired by the Encyclopedia of NT Textual Criticism)



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 24 22:44:38 1998
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Apparently the Judeans did have some early experience with the Romans in
connection with the Maccabean revolt.  See I Maccabees 15:15-16.  --RLM

At 09:55 PM 8/24/98 +0200, you wrote:
>Hello.
>
>I recently checked out the LXX on Dan11:30 to find that it does not mention
>the "ships of the Kittim" at all: it simply has "Romans", though the
>Theodotion version simply has "Kittim". I have long puzzled over the use of
>Kittim to refer to the Romans in a work written around 165 BCE. It seems far
>too early when one considers what seems to be a reasonably consistent use of
>the term in the OT/HB to refer to Cyprus (hopefully, this point doesn't
>really need arguing -- though I will if necessary). The Hebrews had no
>direct experience with the Romans and yet Dan11:30 has Kittim.
>
>I would think that "Romans", as seen in the LXX is the earliest version. One
>would expect that there would be more of an original line if someone merely
>changed Kittim to Romans, but this is not the case: the LXX doesn't mention
>any ships. Yet ships are integral to the Hebrew text as it refers back to a
>Balaam prophecy.
>
>>From the evidence provided by the two Greek versions and the Hebrew it would
>seem that the "romans" was the original text and later Daniel has been
>reworked to attach the prophecy of Balaam at a stage where Kittim could
>refer to Romans, then the version of Theodotion has attempted to bring the
>LXX version into line with the Hebrew.
>
>I would be interested in any comments on this line of thought.
>
>
>Ian Hutchesson
>


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 25 02:20:09 1998
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>>From the evidence provided by the two Greek versions and the Hebrew it would
>>seem that the "romans" was the original text
>
>I have to disagree. While I am open to LXX readings, I think the
>internal evidence clearly favours a reading with "Kittim" over
>one with "Romans."

Sorry, but what is this internal evidence that clearly favours the "Kittim"
reading over "Romans"?

>You point out that the Hebrews would have no experience with the
>Romans.

I did not say this. (My words were "The Hebrews had no direct experience
with the Romans and yet Dan11:30 has Kittim".)

The Kittim is geographically placed in Gen 10 between Tarsus and Rhodes, ie
the writers knew exactly who the Kittim were and where they were located. If
you look at the other Kittim references in the OT/HB you will see that the
term is not generic in any sense. It specified the Cypriots. It would seem
strange to use a clearly defined term refering to one group of people to
refer to another group. One would need a period in which the term's usage
widened as I think happened during the second century BCE, such that when
the semi-"official" book of Hasmonean history, 1 Maccabees, was written it
could use "Kittim" to refer to the homeland of Alexander. It seems to me
that the most likely period for the application of "Kittim" to the Romans
would have been after the Pompey contact.

                                  -------------

>Apparently the Judeans did have some early experience with the Romans in
>connection with the Maccabean revolt.  See I Maccabees 15:15-16.  --RLM

Yes, this however was quite some time after the writing of Daniel. One could
of course mention 2 Macc 11:34ff.

Ian Hutchesson


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 25 09:23:44 1998
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On Tue, 25 Aug 1998, Ian Hutchesson <mc2499@mclink.it> wrote, in part:

>>>From the evidence provided by the two Greek versions and the Hebrew it would
>>>seem that the "romans" was the original text
>>
>>I have to disagree. While I am open to LXX readings, I think the
>>internal evidence clearly favours a reading with "Kittim" over
>>one with "Romans."
>
>Sorry, but what is this internal evidence that clearly favours the "Kittim"
>reading over "Romans"?

It's the evidence that I gave: That "Kittim" would be the reading we
would expect to see. (It may not follow any particular canon of
internal evidence, but it is not based on the manuscripts, so it
is internal evidence.)

>>You point out that the Hebrews would have no experience with the
>>Romans.
>
>I did not say this. (My words were "The Hebrews had no direct experience
>with the Romans and yet Dan11:30 has Kittim".)

Frankly, I don't see that this is a particularly strong distinction --
especially as I did not put the words in quotation marks. :-)

This does demonstrate, BTW, why I dislike internal evidence so much.
To me, the internal evidence here is quite clear. Obviously, the
author of the original post does not think so. No such problem,
usually, in determining the readings of the manuscripts. :-)

-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
Try my web page: http://www.skypoint.com/~waltzmn
(A site inspired by the Encyclopedia of NT Textual Criticism)



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 25 11:12:27 1998
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>>>>From the evidence provided by the two Greek versions and the Hebrew it would
>>>>seem that the "romans" was the original text
>>>
>>>I have to disagree. While I am open to LXX readings, I think the
>>>internal evidence clearly favours a reading with "Kittim" over
>>>one with "Romans."
>>
>>Sorry, but what is this internal evidence that clearly favours the "Kittim"
>>reading over "Romans"?
>
>It's the evidence that I gave: That "Kittim" would be the reading we
>would expect to see. 

Robert, this is not evidence: this is merely stating your opinion. If you
had been brought up on LXX you'd argue the same way in favour of "Romans".

The LXX had the Balaam passage referred to in the MT Dan11:30. There is no
necessary reason for Dan11:31 being changed in the Greek, especially if it
referred to a prophetic passage, as is the case here.

>(It may not follow any particular canon of internal evidence, but it is not 
>based on the manuscripts, so it is internal evidence.)

The LXX is not internal evidence. You will find that the DSS do favour LXX
readings at times over the MT. I can see no reason why you would favour the
MT reading here over the LXX, given the evidence we have.


I wonder if anyone else has thoughts regarding the original state of
Dan11:30, given the fact that the MT mentions the "ships of the Kittim"
(based on the Balaam oracle in Num24:24), while the LXX has "Romans" and the
Theodotion version has "Kittim". Neither Greek version is aware of the
underlying Balaam prophecy and one can see Theodotion changing "Romans" of
the LXX to "Kittim" to bring it into line with the MT.


Ian Hutchesson



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On Tue, 25 Aug 1998, Ian Hutchesson <mc2499@mclink.it> wrote:

>>>Sorry, but what is this internal evidence that clearly favours the "Kittim"
>>>reading over "Romans"?
>>
>>It's the evidence that I gave: That "Kittim" would be the reading we
>>would expect to see. 
>
>Robert, this is not evidence: this is merely stating your opinion. If you
>had been brought up on LXX you'd argue the same way in favour of "Romans".

I'll make you a deal. You call your opinions "opinions," and I will
allow you to call mine "opinions" as well.

Evidence comes in two forms: That which occurs on the parchment
(external evidence) and that which occurs in the critic's head
(internal evidence). You may call it transcriptional probabilities
or whatever you want, but it still takes place *in your head* (or
in mine, or in the readers'). That is internal evidence.

That doesn't make it wrong. But it is, always, a matter of
opinion. And debate. I find my evidence overwhelming.

Take a look at Liddell & Scott. Try to find Kittim. In any
form (KITAIOI, KITTAIOI, etc.) I couldn't find it in any
form I could think of. Whereas "Rome" occurs in all sorts
of variants.

A Greek reader not familiar with other LXX passages -- and
surely there were such -- would have no idea what KITTIM
means. So the LXX translator -- responsibly, I would say,
given our modern notions of translation -- appears to have
glossed it as "Romans." 

>The LXX had the Balaam passage referred to in the MT Dan11:30. There is no
>necessary reason for Dan11:31 being changed in the Greek, especially if it
>referred to a prophetic passage, as is the case here.

I can't see that a reference to an obscure prophetic passage is
a better explanation for change than making an obscure passage
clear.

>>(It may not follow any particular canon of internal evidence, but it is not 
>>based on the manuscripts, so it is internal evidence.)
>
>The LXX is not internal evidence.

No, but you are preferring the LXX reading based on internal evidence.
That is the point I am trying to make. External evidence, insofar
as there is any (and I concede it's not much) favours MT, since (as
best I can tell from your post) all other versions agree with MT.

>You will find that the DSS do favour LXX
>readings at times over the MT. I can see no reason why you would favour the
>MT reading here over the LXX, given the evidence we have.

Read above. You may not agree. But to me this is overwhelming internal
evidence.

And I repeat, I am not biased against LXX. I believe that the LXX
must *always* be consulted, not merely turned to when the MT is
corrupt. But, to me, the LXX reading has "gloss" written all over it.

Which, again, is why I don't like deciding readings on internal
grounds. Of course, in the case of the OT, we usually don't
have much choice, since it's usually a matter of deciding between
MT and LXX. External evidence cannot decide such a question. :-(

-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
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Ian Hutchesson wrote:

> Hello.
>
> I recently checked out the LXX on Dan11:30 to find that it does not mention
> the "ships of the Kittim" at all: it simply has "Romans", though the
> Theodotion version simply has "Kittim". I have long puzzled over the use of
> Kittim to refer to the Romans in a work written around 165 BCE. It seems far
> too early when one considers what seems to be a reasonably consistent use of
> the term in the OT/HB to refer to Cyprus (hopefully, this point doesn't
> really need arguing -- though I will if necessary). The Hebrews had no
> direct experience with the Romans and yet Dan11:30 has Kittim.
>

    I think that the Aramaic Daniel of 165 BCE used "Kittim" to refer to
anynon-Jews that came from the West (direction of Cyprus) but when Daniel
was translated to Greek, the Romans were a clear presence.

Jack



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This is the information one gets from comparing the LXX with the MT
regarding Kittim:

           LXX              Massoretic
---------------------------------------
Gen 10:4   KITIOI           KITTIM
Num 24:24  KITIAIWN         CHITTIM
1Ch 1:7    KITIOI           KITTIM
Isa 23:1   KITIAIWN         CHITTIM
Isa 32:12  KITIEIJ          CHITTIM
Jer 2:10   XETTIIM          CHITTIM
Eze 27:6   XETTIIN          CHITTIM
Dan 11:30  RWMAIOI          CHITTIM

One definitely cannot claim that "Kittim" was an obscure term, so one cannot
argue that Rwmaioi was substituted for reasons of obscurity.

>Take a look at Liddell & Scott. Try to find Kittim. In any
>form (KITAIOI, KITTAIOI, etc.) I couldn't find it in any
>form I could think of. Whereas "Rome" occurs in all sorts
>of variants.

>>The LXX had the Balaam passage referred to in the MT Dan11:30. There is no
>>necessary reason for Dan11:31 being changed in the Greek, especially if it
>>referred to a prophetic passage, as is the case here.
>
>I can't see that a reference to an obscure prophetic passage is
>a better explanation for change than making an obscure passage
>clear.

What makes you think that to the people translating the LXX the Balaam
prophecies were obscure passages? One would think these oracles were
somewhat popular.

>>The LXX is not internal evidence.
>
>No, but you are preferring the LXX reading based on internal evidence.
>That is the point I am trying to make. External evidence, insofar
>as there is any (and I concede it's not much) favours MT, since (as
>best I can tell from your post) all other versions agree with MT.

We simply have a division between MT and LXX, so which is superior? 

>>You will find that the DSS do favour LXX
>>readings at times over the MT. I can see no reason why you would favour the
>>MT reading here over the LXX, given the evidence we have.
>
>Read above. You may not agree. But to me this is overwhelming internal
>evidence.

You keep saying this, but it always ends up with either the LXX reading or
the MT and for some unstated reason you prefer the latter.

>And I repeat, I am not biased against LXX. I believe that the LXX
>must *always* be consulted, not merely turned to when the MT is
>corrupt. But, to me, the LXX reading has "gloss" written all over it.

Strange, the MT reading has gloss written all over it: there is nothing at
all to suggest a use of Kittim that would mean "Romans" in the OT/HB.
(Please prove this wrong if you can.) So your acceptance of the MT Dan11:30
reading as correct flies in the face of the general usage of the term.

>Which, again, is why I don't like deciding readings on internal
>grounds. Of course, in the case of the OT, we usually don't
>have much choice, since it's usually a matter of deciding between
>MT and LXX. External evidence cannot decide such a question. :-(

A restatement:

1) Kittim = Romans does not represent the common OT/HB use of the term,
   which appears to be Cyprus/Cypriots.
2) One would expect the "ships" to remain if it were in the original
   Hebrew, but the LXX doesn't know the about the "ships"
3) Theodotion has merely changed the Romans to the Kittim to be in line
   with the MT, but does not insert "ships..." -- a minimal modification
4) The MT version is based on Num24:24, which if present at the time of
   translation should have bound the Greek to the original if there was
   a citation, but it didn't, so there wasn't!

And an additional point:

5) None of the Dead Sea Scrolls use Kittim to mean Romans! pHab for
   example cannot be about Romans because the Romans never used beasts
   in combat, though it can be about Cypriot mercenaries fighting for the
   Seleucids (and then any Seleucid soldiers). Remember that Nicanor is
   called the Cypriarch (leader of the Kittim). The Kittim are allied to,
   or are Assyria (Seleucids). The Kittim of Assyria enter Egypt (1QM1:3
   Wise/Abegg/Cook, just as Antiochus IV did). By extension Kittim
   came to mean any Greek (hence 1Macc1:1, circa 110 BCE).

When was the term available to be used regarding Romans? When did the Romans
become enemy material?


Ian Hutchesson



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I'll make this my last post on this subject. Since I obviously am
not getting anywhere. :-)

On Tue, 25 Aug 1998, Ian Hutchesson <mc2499@mclink.it> wrote:

>This is the information one gets from comparing the LXX with the MT
>regarding Kittim:
>
>           LXX              Massoretic
>---------------------------------------
>Gen 10:4   KITIOI           KITTIM
>Num 24:24  KITIAIWN         CHITTIM
>1Ch 1:7    KITIOI           KITTIM
>Isa 23:1   KITIAIWN         CHITTIM
>Isa 32:12  KITIEIJ          CHITTIM
>Jer 2:10   XETTIIM          CHITTIM
>Eze 27:6   XETTIIN          CHITTIM
>Dan 11:30  RWMAIOI          CHITTIM
>
>One definitely cannot claim that "Kittim" was an obscure term, so one cannot
>argue that Rwmaioi was substituted for reasons of obscurity.

Not obscure to a person who knew the Old Testament in Hebrew. So
what? If the LXX readers knew the Old Testament in Hebrew, why
did they need the LXX?

The point of looking to Liddell & Scott is to examine what people
*not from the Jewish background* would make of "Kittim." The answer
is, they would make nothing of it.

It's just the same as if you spoke to the average American about an
"indeclinable noun," or a non-mathematician about a "geometric
mean," or a non-traditionalist about "incremental repetition."
They have no context -- no way to interpret this passage (which
we all know does in fact refer to the Romans) to mean the Romans.

[ ... ]

>>I can't see that a reference to an obscure prophetic passage is
>>a better explanation for change than making an obscure passage
>>clear.
>
>What makes you think that to the people translating the LXX the Balaam
>prophecies were obscure passages? One would think these oracles were
>somewhat popular.

Why? 

>You keep saying this, but it always ends up with either the LXX reading or
>the MT and for some unstated reason you prefer the latter.

Let's see. This is my fourth post. Every time I have explained why I
think the LXX reading is a gloss. The fact that I think the LXX reading
is a gloss is not a reason to prefer the MT reading?

See why I say I can't get through? :-)

Enough. The last word is yours (or at least not mine)....

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                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
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From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 25 19:12:03 1998
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>    I think that the Aramaic Daniel

Dan11:30 was not in Aramaic and there is doubt that any of Daniel was
originally in Aramaic. If you read Giovanni Garbini's article on "Biblical
Hebrew", you'd know that the Aramaic of Daniel is not reflective of any
Aramaic on historic record, ie it's fake. Garbini notes that it's the sort
of language one would find when someone tries to pretend to use an antique
version of a language without knowing that antique version, which would be
consistent with an attempt to place Daniel in the sixth century BCE. (In the
same article he deals with Ezra's unreal Aramaic as well.) But then the
oddity of Daniel's Aramaic seems to be well-known in scholarly circles.
Garbini gives a list of articles from S.R.Driver, G.R.Driver, W.Baumgartner
and H.H.Rowley all arguing against the quality of "Biblical Aramaic". He
also quotes from Bauer and Leander's "Grammatik des Biblisch-Aramaeischen":
"the stories of the book of Daniel are the work of an author clearly not
well versed in the language".

>of 165 BCE used "Kittim" to refer to
>any non-Jews that came from the West (direction of Cyprus) 

Have you got even one contemporary example to justify this? You should note
that without Dan11:30 this sort of analysis has no basis whatsoever. That's
the problem that interests me.


Ian Hutchesson


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 25 19:32:45 1998
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>>One definitely cannot claim that "Kittim" was an obscure term, so one cannot
>>argue that Rwmaioi was substituted for reasons of obscurity.
>
>Not obscure to a person who knew the Old Testament in Hebrew. So
>what? 

These are the people who translated the book.

>The point of looking to Liddell & Scott is to examine what people
>*not from the Jewish background* would make of "Kittim." The answer
>is, they would make nothing of it.

The translators didn't have Liddell & Scott, ie you can't make much about
what people knew or didn't know from citations of works that have survived
from antiquity when you know that those works are not a big percentage.

>It's just the same as if you spoke to the average American about an
>"indeclinable noun," or a non-mathematician about a "geometric
>mean," or a non-traditionalist about "incremental repetition."

This now is merely guessing. "It may be that Kittim had become an obscure
term that was transported into Greek in seven out of eight cases, but
glossed in the eighth case we are examining."

>>>I can't see that a reference to an obscure prophetic passage is
>>>a better explanation for change than making an obscure passage
>>>clear.
>>
>>What makes you think that to the people translating the LXX the Balaam
>>prophecies were obscure passages? One would think these oracles were
>>somewhat popular.
>
>Why? 

The Balaam stuff was relatively popular amongst the DSS from the number of
citations from Numbers. You are the one who claimed for some reason that
Num24:24 was an obscure prophecy. Perhaps you could justify that.

>From what I understand about paraphrasing in the LXX, it is usually things
that don't translate that need paraphrasing and the "ships of the Kittim"
can be translated without problem.

>Every time I have explained why I think the LXX reading is a gloss. 

It seems that every time, you have said that it is a gloss along the line
that it looks like a gloss in your opinion without supplying anything more
than it looks like a gloss.

>The fact that I think the LXX reading is a gloss is not a reason to prefer the 
>MT reading?

Thinking doesn't seem to be an adequate criterion when it equates to
"believing" as it does in the above statement.

And I guess you're right about the thread: as not many have taken it up,
perhaps it should be dropped.

Thanks for your thoughts, Robert.

Ian Hutchesson


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Tue Aug 25 20:25:29 1998
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Ian wrote: 
> The LXX is not internal evidence. You will find that the DSS do favour LXX
> readings at times over the MT. I can see no reason why you would favour the
> MT reading here over the LXX, given the evidence we have.

I have to cry "foul" on this one, Ian.  Simply saying that the DSS 
"do favour LXX readings at times" says nothing about what they are 
likely to preserve in Daniel 11:30.  Fact is, as far as I can find 
this verse isn't preserved in the published DSS.  However, 4QDan(c) 
preserves the four verses before it and follows MT readings.  I 
haven't seen a single reading among the DSS of Daniel that supports 
an LXX reading, so invoking the DSS at this point seems a little, um, 
inappropriate?
Dave Washburn
http://www.nyx.net/~dwashbur
When in doubt, go for chocolate.  Life is too short
not to.

From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 26 06:24:47 1998
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How do I disconnect from this list?

Jon
============================================================================
"Anyone who listens to the word but does not do what it says is like a man
who looks at his face in a mirror and, after looking at himself, goes away 
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*************************************************
* Please reply to gkiraz@research.bell-labs.com *
* Apologies for multiple postings!              *
*************************************************


==============================================
Assistant Technical Editor Position (Voluntary)
Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies
===============================================

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From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 26 10:04:55 1998
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Subject: tc-list Big omission in Jn 12.34
Date: Mer, 26 Ao 98 16:10:13 +0200
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NA 27 mentions the omission of "tis estin outos o uios tou anqrwpou" at 
the end of the verse. Of course, such an omission can be due to an 
homeoteleuton and is likely to occur independently in several mss.

Looking at the apparatus, I found that this omission seemed quite rare 
(P75, l2211 al. sa(ms) ac2).
In fact, I noticed that omission because I found it too in the Arabic 
version on which I'm working.
Searching for more evidence, I found that:
- Three manuscripts of the second Georgian version (A, D and E) have the 
same omission.
- The Synopsis of Nestle-Aland gives several Byzantine uncials that have 
the omission too.

Now this last point: the Synopsis gives a very different perspective than 
NA. If you look only at NA, you get the impression that this is a rare, 
probably Alexandrine, variant (a  lectio brevior). When you look at the 
Synopsis (and at the versions) the variant seems much more widespread, 
and perhaps less significative.

Comments?

Jean V.


_________________________________________________
Jean Valentin - Bruxelles - Belgique
e-mail: jgvalentin@arcadis.be
_________________________________________________
"Ce qui est trop simple est faux, ce qui est trop complexe est 
inutilisable"
"What's too simple is wrong, what's too complex is unusable"
"Wat te eenvoudig is, is verkeerd; wat te ingewikkeld is, is onbruikbaar"
_________________________________________________




From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 26 10:33:33 1998
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Date: Wed, 26 Aug 1998 10:31:11 +0000
From: Jim West <jwest@Highland.Net>
Subject: Re: tc-list Big omission in Jn 12.34
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At , you wrote:
>NA 27 mentions the omission of "tis estin outos o uios tou anqrwpou" at 
>the end of the verse. Of course, such an omission can be due to an 
>homeoteleuton and is likely to occur independently in several mss.
>
>Looking at the apparatus, I found that this omission seemed quite rare 
>(P75, l2211 al. sa(ms) ac2).
>In fact, I noticed that omission because I found it too in the Arabic 
>version on which I'm working.
>Searching for more evidence, I found that:
>- Three manuscripts of the second Georgian version (A, D and E) have the 
>same omission.
>- The Synopsis of Nestle-Aland gives several Byzantine uncials that have 
>the omission too.
>
>Now this last point: the Synopsis gives a very different perspective than 
>NA. If you look only at NA, you get the impression that this is a rare, 
>probably Alexandrine, variant (a  lectio brevior). When you look at the 
>Synopsis (and at the versions) the variant seems much more widespread, 
>and perhaps less significative.
>
>Comments?
>
>Jean V.
>

Could it simply be that the editors of NA27 (with their limited space)
merely gave the more significant witnessess whereas the Synopsis (with
considerably more available space) was able to include more information?


Best,

Jim


jwest@highland.net



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 26 11:10:41 1998
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At 07.04 26/08/98 -0300, you wrote:
>How do I disconnect from this list?
>
>Jon

If you ever want to remove yourself from this mailing list,
you can send mail to "Majordomo@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu" with the
following command
in the body of your email message:

    unsubscribe tc-list dylan-j@geocities.com


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 26 11:53:36 1998
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Subject: tc-list Jn 13.19
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Dear TC'ers

A little variant in an Arabic ms: "oti egw eimi" at the end of the verse 
is omitted. I haven't been able to find this omission in other greek or 
versional witnesses. Has any of you met it before?

Thanks,

Jean V.


_________________________________________________
Jean Valentin - Bruxelles - Belgique
e-mail: jgvalentin@arcadis.be
_________________________________________________
"Ce qui est trop simple est faux, ce qui est trop complexe est 
inutilisable"
"What's too simple is wrong, what's too complex is unusable"
"Wat te eenvoudig is, is verkeerd; wat te ingewikkeld is, is onbruikbaar"
_________________________________________________




From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 26 12:16:12 1998
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On Mer, 26 Ao 98, Jean VALENTIN <jgvalentin@arcadis.be> wrote:

>NA 27 mentions the omission of "tis estin outos o uios tou anqrwpou" at 
>the end of the verse. Of course, such an omission can be due to an 
>homeoteleuton and is likely to occur independently in several mss.
>
>Looking at the apparatus, I found that this omission seemed quite rare 
>(P75, l2211 al. sa(ms) ac2).
>In fact, I noticed that omission because I found it too in the Arabic 
>version on which I'm working.
>Searching for more evidence, I found that:
>- Three manuscripts of the second Georgian version (A, D and E) have the 
>same omission.
>- The Synopsis of Nestle-Aland gives several Byzantine uncials that have 
>the omission too.
>
>Now this last point: the Synopsis gives a very different perspective than 
>NA. If you look only at NA, you get the impression that this is a rare, 
>probably Alexandrine, variant (a  lectio brevior). When you look at the 
>Synopsis (and at the versions) the variant seems much more widespread, 
>and perhaps less significative.
>
>Comments?

Using every resource at my disposal, I find that the evidence for
this omission consists of:

P75
E F G
f13-part(=69 788 828*) 28* 71 1279
l2211
sa-ms ac2 geo-mss

Now one thing that strikes me about these witnesses is that most of
them fall into several tight groups: Primitive Alexandrian (P75, sa, ac2),
Kx Cluster E (E F G), Family 13 (69 788 828*). One suspects that
these are simply scribal errors in the immediate ancestors of
these witnesses which were repaired in other close relatives
(B sa in the first case, etc.).

It does show a bit of a defect in the way the Alands selected
manuscripts: They listened to themselves too much. :-) They
declared that 28 is Byzantine, so they omitted it from NA27
(the omission by 28* is cited in NA26). They rarely cite more
than two Byzantine witnesses (K Gamma in the Gospels, K L in
Paul, etc.) They ignore the versions, and some very interesting
types (they *really* should have cited 451 in Paul). Etc.
And yet, as Jim West pointed out, NA27 is a pocket edition. We
would all wish it were fuller. I'd like to see half again as
many witnesses, and twice as many variants. But hey, NA27
is a lot better than nothing. At least it's fairly reliable --
unlike, say, Merk, which meets the other conditions (and has
a Latin apparatus, too!) but has errors on almost every page.

I do think the reading is an h.t. error. While we find it
occurring in several different types of witnesses (Alexandrian:
P75 sa-ms ac2; "Caesarean": f13-part 28* geo-mss; Byzantine: E F G),
in no case is it the reading of the majority of the members of
the text-type.


Bob Waltz
waltzmn@skypoint.com

"The one thing we learn from history --
   is that no one ever learns from history."



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 26 12:20:28 1998
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On Mer, 26 Ao 98, Jean VALENTIN <jgvalentin@arcadis.be> wrote:

>Dear TC'ers
>
>A little variant in an Arabic ms: "oti egw eimi" at the end of the verse 
>is omitted. I haven't been able to find this omission in other greek or 
>versional witnesses. Has any of you met it before?

It doesn't show up in any of my books (though I don't have access to
anything particularly unusual).

On the other hand, Merk cites 13 712 983 1689 2193 as reading
EIPON UMIN for EIMI.

For whatever that's worth.

-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-

                        Robert B. Waltz
                     waltzmn@skypoint.com

Want more loudmouthed opinions about textual criticism?
Try my web page: http://www.skypoint.com/~waltzmn
(A site inspired by the Encyclopedia of NT Textual Criticism)



From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Wed Aug 26 12:30:43 1998
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From: "Glen Thompson" <thompsgl@mlc-wels.edu>
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I taught a collation course this summer and 2 of the 4 minuscules 
that we collated are missing these words G-A 828 (original hand, it 
was added by a second hand), and G-A 1073.  

Glen L. Thompson
thompsgl@mlc-wels.edu

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******************************************************************************
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This list is loosely associated with the new electronic journal _TC:
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Why "biblical" textual criticism (rather than t-c of the NT or the Hebrew
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Why an electronic journal?  The fact of the matter is that printing a
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The list-owner of tc-list is Jimmy Adair (jadair@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu).


From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 31 15:03:09 1998
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Subject: tc-list New software: Bible Reader
Date: Lun, 31 Ao 98 21:08:45 +0200
x-sender: vale5655@pop3.brus.online.be
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From: Jean VALENTIN <jgvalentin@arcadis.be>
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To all those interested:

There's a new shareware that allows to read and search the text of the 
Bible. Several Greek, Hebrew and Latin modules are available. The 
program's name is Bible Reader. It exists in French but an English 
version is in development. There are versions of the software for 
Macintosh and Windows.

I participated to the development as a beta-tester and find it really 
user-friendly. If you want to know more, look at:

http://member.aol.com/lsoufflet

Greetings,

Jean V


_________________________________________________
Jean Valentin - Bruxelles - Belgique
e-mail: jgvalentin@arcadis.be
_________________________________________________
"Ce qui est trop simple est faux, ce qui est trop complexe est 
inutilisable"
"What's too simple is wrong, what's too complex is unusable"
"Wat te eenvoudig is, is verkeerd; wat te ingewikkeld is, is onbruikbaar"
_________________________________________________




From owner-tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu  Mon Aug 31 17:28:05 1998
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Date: Mon, 31 Aug 1998 22:26:50 +0100
To: tc-list@shemesh.scholar.emory.edu
From: Steven Carr <steven@bowness.demon.co.uk>
Subject: tc-list Article in Nature
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Apparently there is an article in Nature (vol 394, p 839) giving details
of a new text critical program which was applied to Canterbury Tales.

It seems this new program is based on methods used to find common
ancestors of DNA strings.



